Often characterized by its sense of urgency, breaking news is the type of news that must be reported immediately to ensure that viewers and readers are informed as events unfold. This differs from regular news reporting, which can allow time for research and fact-checking. When a story is breaking, stations will usually interrupt regular programming to announce the event and provide updates as information becomes available. This is one of the core values stated in the RTDNA Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct.
A break in programing typically starts with an opening graphic, a distinctive music cue and a headline that states the nature of the story. This may be followed by a live report from an on-site reporter or a field correspondent at the scene. In the case of major national events, networks will usually notify their affiliates and tell them to stand by for a break in programing. This is known as a “Newsflash” or a “Special Report.” In recent years, some broadcasters have started to use lower thirds and special alert crawls during regularly scheduled newscasts when breaking stories occur.
In the rush to get a first-hand report on a breaking event, it can be easy for reporters to make assumptions and even spread erroneous reports. Always confirm facts and never speculate. For example, if someone is reported to be injured in an accident or as the result of a natural disaster, journalists should avoid using names until loved ones have been notified.